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Design Tips for Print:

Creating Perfect Artwork for Professional Printing

Ensuring your design looks as great on paper as it does on screen requires careful preparation. Follow these essential design tips to set up your files
correctly for printing.


1. Setting Up Files for Print


a. Resolution (300 DPI)

  • What It Is: DPI stands for "dots per inch" and 300 DPI is the standard resolution for high-quality print.

  • Why It Matters: A higher DPI ensures sharp and clear images with minimal pixelation.

  • Tip: Always use 300 DPI for images and artwork intended for print.
    Images with lower resolutions may look fine on-screen but will appear blurry or pixelated when printed.

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b. Bleed and Margins

  • Bleed: This is the area outside the edge of your design that will be trimmed off after printing. It ensures that your design extends to the edge of the paper without any white borders.

  • Margins: The space between the edge of your page and the main content. Margins ensure that important content isn’t cut off during trimming.

  • Best Practice: Include at least 3-5mm of bleed and ensure your important text and images are at least 5mm away from the edge of the page.

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c. File Formats (PDF, EPS)

  • PDF (Portable Document Format): The preferred format for print. It preserves fonts, images, and layout, making it easy to share and print without any formatting issues.

  • EPS (Encapsulated PostScript): Great for vector graphics and logos. It can be resized without losing quality.

  • Tip: Always use print-ready PDF with all fonts embedded and images in CMYK color mode.

Understanding RGB and CMYK

Why the Difference Matters in Printing RGB (Red, Green, Blue)

  • Purpose: Used for digital screens (TVs, monitors, smartphones).

  • Colour Model: Additive — colours are created by adding light.

  • Colour Range: Displays vibrant and bright colours, perfect for digital media.

  • Example: Think of a computer screen glowing in the dark.

Graphic Idea: A vibrant computer monitors or smartphone emitting light with an overlay of the RGB colour spectrum.

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CMYK (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black)

  • Purpose: Used for physical printing (brochures, posters, business cards).

  • Colour Model: Subtractive — colours are created by subtracting light reflected off surfaces.

  • Colour Range: Designed for ink on paper, producing accurate colours for printing.

  • Example: Think of a colourful printed magazine under natural light.

Graphic Idea: A printed sheet with vivid colours and an overlay showing CMYK ink dots or cartridges.

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Why We Use CMYK for Printing

  • Consistency: CMYK provides a standardised process for colour reproduction on physical materials.

  • Print Reality: Printing involves inks, which blend differently than light (RGB).

  • Vibrancy Limitations: CMYK cannot replicate all RGB colours, but it ensures that prints appear as intended.

Graphic Idea: A side-by-side comparison of an image on a screen (RGB) vs. the same image printed (CMYK), highlighting the subtle colour differences.


The Takeaway
When you design digitally, you start in RGB, but for printing, everything transitions to CMYK to ensure your materials look as stunning in print as they do on your screen. At Hensal “Experts in Print”, we ensure this conversion is seamless and precise.

Typography in Print

Ensuring Readability

a. Font Size

  • Recommendation: For body text, use a minimum of 10pt size for easy readability. For headlines, 14pt or larger, depending on the layout.

  • Tip: Avoid using very small fonts that may be hard to read, especially in promotional materials.


b. Spacing (Kerning and Leading)

  • Kerning: Adjusts the space between characters to make the text look more balanced and easier to read.

  • Leading: The vertical space between lines of text. A good leading size is 120%-150% of the font size.

  • Tip: Use appropriate spacing to create a clean, readable layout. Crowded text can be difficult to read and look unprofessional.


c. Contrast and Readability

  • Tip: Ensure there’s enough contrast between the text and the background color. Light text on a dark background or vice versa is generally more readable.

  • Best Practice: Use high-contrast colors for important headings and text to catch the reader’s attention while keeping body text legible with softer contrasts.

Tip: Choose fonts that are clear and easy to read. Sans-serif fonts (e.g., Arial, Helvetica) are ideal for headers, while serif fonts (e.g., Times New Roman, Georgia) work well for body text.


Final Checklist for Print-Ready Files

  • Use 300 DPI resolution for all images and artwork.

  • Add 3-5mm of bleed to ensure full-page printing.

  • Keep important content at least 5mm away from the edge.

  • Save and send files in print-ready PDF format with fonts embedded.

  • Ensure the design is in CMYK colour mode for accurate printing.

  • Use a minimum of 10pt font size for body text.

  • Maintain sufficient contrast for text readability.

Understanding European/UK Paper Sizes

A Guide to Choosing the Right Format

Why Standard Paper Sizes Matter
European/UK paper sizes follow the ISO 216 standard, ensuring consistent dimensions for printing and design. These standardized sizes make scaling, folding, and international communication seamless.
Graphic Idea: A visual hierarchy of paper sizes (e.g., an A0 sheet with smaller sizes like A1, A2, etc., nested inside it). Add labels and dimensions for each size.


The A-Series: The Foundation of UK Paper Sizes
The A-series sizes are the most common, starting from A0, the largest, to A10, the smallest. Each size is half the area of the previous one.

  • A0: 841 × 1189 mm (33.1 × 46.8 in)

  • A1: 594 × 841 mm (23.4 × 33.1 in)

  • A2: 420 × 594 mm (16.5 × 23.4 in)

  • A3: 297 × 420 mm (11.7 × 16.5 in)

  • A4: 210 × 297 mm (8.3 × 11.7 in) (Standard office paper size)

  • A5: 148 × 210 mm (5.8 × 8.3 in) (Perfect for flyers and booklets)

Graphic Idea: A comparison chart showing common uses for each size. For example:

  • A4 for letters/documents.

  • A5 for flyers.

  • A0-A2 for posters.

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Other Common Series

  • B-Series: Slightly larger than A-series, ideal for books and posters.

  • C-Series: Used for envelopes, designed to fit A-series paper.

Graphic Idea: Place a C4 envelope next to an A4 sheet to show how it fits perfectly.


Choosing the Right Size for Your Project
Selecting the right size depends on your purpose:

  • Posters and large visuals: A0, A1, or A2.

  • Office documents: A4.

  • Marketing materials: A5 or A6.

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At Hensal “Experts in Print”, we help you pick the perfect size for your needs and ensure your design is optimized for stunning results.

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Understanding Paper Weights in GSM (Grams per Square Meter)
What is GSM?
GSM stands for grams per square meter, a standard measurement for paper weight. It tells you how heavy and sturdy a sheet of paper feels. The higher the
GSM, the thicker and more durable the paper.

Graphic Idea: A scale or ruler-style visual transitioning from thin/light paper to thick/heavy paper, labelled with GSM values.


Common Paper Weights and Their Uses

Lightweight Papers

  • 80-100 GSM

    • Commonly used for everyday printing and office work.

    • Think standard printer paper or letterheads.

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Medium Weight Papers

  • 120-170 GSM

    • Ideal for premium flyers, brochures, or posters.

    • Durable yet flexible.

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Heavyweight Papers

  • 200-300 GSM

    • premium marketing materials.Sturdy and professional, great for business cards, invitations, and

    • Provides a luxurious feel.

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Extra Heavy Papers

  • Above 300 GSM

    • Typically used for luxury invitations, packaging, and cover stock.

    • Thick, robust, and highly durable.


Why GSM Matters in Printing

  • Functionality: Lighter paper for high-volume printing; heavier paper for premium materials.

  • Feel: The weight of the paper impacts the perceived quality of the product.

  • Durability: Thicker papers handle wear and tear better.


At Hensal “Experts in Print”, we help you choose the perfect paper weight for your project, ensuring your materials make the right impression.

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How to Calculate the Weight of a Book in GSM
Understanding the weight of a book involves simple math using the GSM (grams per square meter) of the paper, the dimensions of the pages, and the total number of pages.


Step-by-Step Calculation

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1. Find the GSM of the Paper
Check the paper type (e.g., 120 GSM for the inner pages, 300 GSM for the cover).


2. Calculate the Area of One Page
Multiply the dimensions of a single page (in meters).
Example for A5 (148mm x 210mm):
Area per page=0.148 m×0.210 m=0.03108 m2\text{Area per page} = 0.148 \, \text{m} \times 0.210 \, \text{m} = 0.03108
\text{m}^2Area per page=0.148m×0.210m=0.03108m2


3. Determine the Weight per Page
Multiply the area of the page by the GSM of the paper.
Example for 120 GSM paper:
Weight per page=0.03108 m2×120 GSM=3.73 grams per page\text{Weight per page} = 0.03108 \, \text{m}^2 \times 120 \, \text{GSM} = 3.73 \, \text{grams per page}Weight per page=0.03108m2×120GSM=3.73grams per page


4. Multiply by the Total Number of Pages
If the book has 200 pages:
Total weight (pages)=3.73 g×200=746 grams\text{Total weight (pages)} = 3.73 \, \text{g} \times 200 = 746 \,

\text{grams}Total weight (pages)=3.73g×200=746grams


5. Add the Cover Weight
Calculate the weight of the cover using the same method but with its own
GSM and area.
Example for a 300 GSM A5 cover (two sides):


Cover weight=0.03108 m2×2×300 GSM=18.65 grams\text{Cover weight} = 0.03108 \, \text{m}^2 \times 2 \times 300 \, \text{GSM} = 18.65 \,
\text{grams}Cover weight=0.03108m2×2×300GSM=18.65grams

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Final book weight:
746 g+18.65 g=764.65 grams746 \, \text{g} + 18.65 \, \text{g} = 764.65 \, \text{grams}746g+18.65g=764.65grams

Paper Finishes

Choosing the Right Look and Feel for Your Print

1. Coated Paper

  • What It Is: Paper treated with a layer of coating (e.g., clay or other compounds).

  • Features: Smooth, professional finish that enhances colour vibrancy.

  • Best For: Magazines, brochures, and promotional materials.

Graphic Idea: A vivid magazine page showing vibrant colours and crisp text.


2. Uncoated Paper

  • What It Is: Paper with no coating, leaving a natural texture.

  • Features: Absorbs ink well, offering a softer and more organic appearance.

  • Best For: Letterheads, notepads, and business stationery.

Graphic Idea: A textured notebook page with handwritten notes.


3. Matt Finish

  • What It Is: A type of coated paper with a smooth, non-reflective surface.

  • Features: Subtle, muted tones; reduces glare for easy readability.

  • Best For: Reports, premium brochures, and sophisticated designs.

Graphic Idea: A premium brochure with soft, muted colours on a clean background.


4. Gloss Finish

  • What It Is: Coated paper with a shiny, reflective surface.

  • Features: Enhances colour vibrancy and sharpness, giving a polished look.

  • Best For: Photos, catalogues, and marketing materials.

Graphic Idea: A colourful catalogue page with a reflective sheen under light.


5. Silk Finish

  • What It Is: A balance between matt and gloss finishes, offering a smooth and soft touch.

  • Features: Semi-reflective; luxurious appearance without being too shiny.

  • Best For: Magazines, corporate brochures, and high-end marketing.

Graphic Idea: A close-up of a corporate brochure with a silk-like texture.


How to Choose the Right Finish

  • Coated or Gloss: For vibrant visuals and impactful designs.

  • Matt or Silk: For elegant and professional appeal.

  • Uncoated: For natural, understated stationery.

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At Hensal “Experts in Print”, we help you pick the ideal paper finish to bring your designs to life. Whether you’re crafting a stunning brochure or premium stationery, our expert team ensures a flawless result.

Understanding Printing Methods

Choosing the Right One for Your Project

1. Digital Printing
What It Is: A modern printing method that directly transfers digital files onto various paper types.
Advantages:

  • Cost-Effective for Small Runs: Ideal for short print runs and quick turnarounds.

  • High Customization: Easy to personalize each piece (e.g., variable data printing).

  • Fast Turnaround Time: No setup fees or long pre-press processes.

  • Good Quality: Modern digital printers offer high resolution and vibrant colour reproduction.

Best For: Business cards, marketing materials, flyers, brochures, and one-off projects.
Graphic Idea: An image of a digital printer in action with colourful prints being produced.


2. Offset Printing
What It Is: A traditional method where inked plates are used to transfer an image
onto a rubber blanket, then onto the printing surface.
Advantages:

  • Cost-Effective for Large Volumes: More economical for bulk orders due to economies of scale.

  • Superior Quality: High resolution and colour consistency, ideal for complex designs.

  • Wide Range of Paper Options: Works well with various paper types and sizes.

  • Custom Finishes: Allows for special techniques such as spot UV, embossing, and metallic inks.

Best For: High-volume printing like books, catalogues, large brochures, and direct mail pieces.
Graphic Idea: A printing press in action with a pile of finished sheets showing crisp, high-quality prints.


3. Screen Printing
What It Is: A process where ink is pushed through a mesh screen stencil onto the print material, commonly used for fabric and specialized surfaces.
Advantages:

  • Versatile: Works well with a variety of materials (e.g., fabric, plastic, metal, wood).

  • Durable Prints: Ideal for products that need to withstand wear and tear (e.g., t-shirts, signage).

  • Vibrant Colours: Great for designs that need solid, vivid colours.

  • Cost-Effective for Medium to Large Runs: Best suited for projects with a higher quantity where quality and colour consistency are important.

Best For: Apparel, custom merchandise, outdoor signs, and promotional items.

Graphic Idea: A shirt being printed with a bold, vibrant design.


When to Choose Each Method

  • Digital Printing: Choose for small to medium runs, fast turnaround, and highly customized projects.

  • Offset Printing: Ideal for high-quality, high-volume jobs where consistency and cost-effectiveness are key.

  • Screen Printing: Best for custom merchandise and specialty items that require durability and unique surfaces.

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At Hensal “Experts in Print”, we provide expert advice to help you select the most suitable printing method for your project, ensuring you get the best balance of quality, cost, and turnaround time.

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